Aquaculture is a fast-growing industry and therefore welfare and environmental impact have become of utmost importance. Preventing stress associated to common aquaculture practices and optimizing the fish stress response by quantification of the stress level, are important steps towards the improvement of welfare standards. Stress is characterized by a cascade of physiological responses that, in-turn, induce further changes at the whole-animal level.
These can either increase fitness or impair welfare. Nevertheless, monitorization of this dynamic process has, up until now, relied on indicators that are only a snapshot of the stress level experienced. Promising technological tools, such as proteomics, allow an unbiased approach for the discovery of potential biomarkers for stress monitoring. Within this scope, using Gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) as a model, three chronic stress conditions, namely overcrowding, handling and hypoxia, were employed to evaluate the potential of the fish protein-based adaptations as reliable signatures of chronic stress, in contrast with the commonly used hormonal and metabolic indicators.
A broad spectrum of biological variation regarding cortisol and glucose levels was observed, the values of which rose higher in net-handled fish. In this sense, a potential pattern of stressor-specificity was clear, as the level of response varied markedly between a persistent (crowding) and a repetitive stressor (handling). Gel-based proteomics analysis of the plasma proteome also revealed that net-handled fish had the highest number of differential proteins, compared to the other trials.
Mass spectrometric analysis, followed by gene ontology enrichment and protein-protein interaction analyses, characterized those as humoral components of the innate immune system and key elements of the response to stimulus.Overall, this study represents the first screening of more reliable signatures of physiological adaptation to chronic stress in fish, allowing the future development of novel biomarker models to monitor fish welfare.
, 30ml) Black-DAB Substrate/Chromogen System for IHC-HRP staining (stable), 30ml |
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NB319-SBB |
Innovex |
30 ml |
EUR 369 |
, 70ml NEW) Black-DAB Substrate/Chromogen System for IHC-HRP staining (stable), 70ml NEW |
|
NB319-BB70 |
Innovex |
70 ml |
EUR 485 |
 DAB Tablet |
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D3225-020 |
GenDepot |
20TB |
EUR 142 |
DAB Tablet |
|
D3225-050 |
GenDepot |
50TB |
EUR 246 |
 DAB Chromogen Kit |
|
abx097197-1Kit |
Abbexa |
1 Kit |
EUR 272 |
|
|
 DAB Chromogen Concentrate |
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D3226-002 |
GenDepot |
20ml |
EUR 161 |
DAB Chromogen Concentrate |
|
D3226-005 |
GenDepot |
50ml |
EUR 334 |
 Boc-Dab-OH |
|
A-3215.0001 |
Bachem |
1.0g |
EUR 126 |
|
Description: Sum Formula: C9H18N2O4; CAS# [25691-37-6] |
Boc-Dab-OH |
|
A-3215.0005 |
Bachem |
5.0g |
EUR 418 |
|
Description: Sum Formula: C9H18N2O4; CAS# [25691-37-6] |
Boc-Dab-OH |
|
A-3215.0025 |
Bachem |
25.0g |
EUR 1578 |
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Description: Sum Formula: C9H18N2O4; CAS# [25691-37-6] |
 DAB Substrate kit |
|
30015 |
Biotium |
1Kit |
EUR 143 |
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Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 1Kit |
 Z-Dab-OH |
|
C-3705.0001 |
Bachem |
1.0g |
EUR 115 |
|
Description: Sum Formula: C12H16N2O4; CAS# [62234-40-6] |
Z-Dab-OH |
|
C-3705.0005 |
Bachem |
5.0g |
EUR 273 |
|
Description: Sum Formula: C12H16N2O4; CAS# [62234-40-6] |
Z-Dab-OH |
|
C-3705.0025 |
Bachem |
25.0g |
EUR 998 |
|
Description: Sum Formula: C12H16N2O4; CAS# [62234-40-6] |
 H-Dab-OH |
|
F-3050.0001 |
Bachem |
1.0g |
EUR 115 |
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Description: Sum Formula: C4H10N2O2; CAS# [1883-09-6] |
H-Dab-OH |
|
F-3050.0005 |
Bachem |
5.0g |
EUR 225 |
|
Description: Sum Formula: C4H10N2O2; CAS# [1883-09-6] |
H-Dab-OH |
|
F-3050.0025 |
Bachem |
25.0g |
EUR 803 |
|
Description: Sum Formula: C4H10N2O2; CAS# [1883-09-6] |
 DAB Chromogen, 4ml |
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NB314D |
Innovex |
4 ml |
EUR 246 |
 DL-Dab.2HCl |
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A6727-100000 |
ApexBio |
100 g |
EUR 569 |
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Description: DL-Dab.2HCl |
DL-Dab.2HCl |
|
A6727-25000 |
ApexBio |
25 g |
EUR 309 |
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Description: DL-Dab.2HCl |
DL-Dab.2HCl |
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A6727-5000 |
ApexBio |
5 g |
EUR 180 |
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Description: DL-Dab.2HCl |
 Fmoc-Dab-OH |
|
B-2300.0001 |
Bachem |
1.0g |
EUR 151 |
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Description: Sum Formula: C19H20N2O4; CAS# [161420-87-7] |
Fmoc-Dab-OH |
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B-2300.0005 |
Bachem |
5.0g |
EUR 515 |
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Description: Sum Formula: C19H20N2O4; CAS# [161420-87-7] |
 HiQ Block for IHC |
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B3077-010 |
GenDepot |
100ml |
EUR 134 |
HiQ Block for IHC |
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B3077-050 |
GenDepot |
500ml |
EUR 263 |
 Enhancing Wash Buffer, For rinse of IHC-DAB & AEC stains and fluorescence, 4 Liters; Ready-To-Use |
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NB301 |
Innovex |
4 Liters |
EUR 473 |
 Enhancing Wash Buffer, For rinse of IHC-DAB & AEC stains and fluorescence, 1 liter of 5X; Concentrate |
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NB301-5C |
Innovex |
1 Liter of 5X |
EUR 508 |
 Enhancing Wash Buffer, For rinse of IHC-DAB & AEC stains and fluorescence, 1 Liter; Ready-To-Use |
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NB301S |
Innovex |
1 Liter |
EUR 218 |
 IHC Enzyme Antigen Retrieval Reagent |
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AR0022 |
BosterBio |
50mL (for 500-750 assays) |
EUR 106 |
 BCIP/NBT Solution for IHC |
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B3007-005 |
GenDepot |
50ml |
EUR 134 |
BCIP/NBT Solution for IHC |
|
B3007-010 |
GenDepot |
100ml |
EUR 188 |
BCIP/NBT Solution for IHC |
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B3007-050 |
GenDepot |
500ml |
EUR 475 |
 BCIP-NBT Dye for IHC |
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G447 |
ABM |
250 ml |
EUR 254 |
) UltraBrite? Red IHC chromogen (AP) |
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M1305-30 |
Biovision |
|
EUR 349 |
) UltraBrite? Blue IHC chromogen (AP) |
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M1307-30 |
Biovision |
|
EUR 370 |
) UltraBrite? Blue IHC chromogen (HRP) |
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M1308-30 |
Biovision |
|
EUR 457 |
) UltraBrite? Green IHC chromogen (AP) |
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M1309-30 |
Biovision |
|
EUR 425 |
) UltraBrite? Yellow IHC chromogen (HRP) |
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M1310-30 |
Biovision |
|
EUR 457 |
) UltraBrite? Black IHC chromogen (HRP) |
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M1311-30 |
Biovision |
|
EUR 457 |
) UltraBrite? Red IHC chromogen (HRP) |
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M1312-30 |
Biovision |
|
EUR 370 |
 Universal IHC Diluent/Blocker/Stabilizer |
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85R-1021 |
Fitzgerald |
1 liter |
EUR 692 |
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Description: Universal Diluent/Blocker/Stabilizer for use in IHC |
) EMA antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
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75R-1002 |
Fitzgerald |
7 ml |
EUR 225 |
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Description: Mouse monoclonal EMA antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
) hCG antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
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75R-1005 |
Fitzgerald |
7 ml |
EUR 244 |
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Description: Mouse monoclonal hCG antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
) BRDU antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
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75R-1006 |
Fitzgerald |
7 ml |
EUR 225 |
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Description: Mouse monoclonal BRDU antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
) EpCAM antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
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75R-1014 |
Fitzgerald |
7 ml |
EUR 225 |
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Description: Mouse monoclonal EpCAM antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
) p53 antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
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75R-1015 |
Fitzgerald |
7 ml |
EUR 225 |
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Description: Mouse monoclonal p53 antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
) PCNA antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
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75R-1016 |
Fitzgerald |
7 ml |
EUR 225 |
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Description: Mouse monoclonal PCNA antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
) S100 antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
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75R-1017 |
Fitzgerald |
7 ml |
EUR 225 |
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Description: Mouse monoclonal S100 antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
) TSH antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
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75R-1019 |
Fitzgerald |
7 ml |
EUR 225 |
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Description: Mouse monoclonal TSH antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
) Thyroglobulin antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
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75R-1020 |
Fitzgerald |
7 ml |
EUR 225 |
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Description: Mouse monoclonal Thyroglobulin antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
) NSE antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
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75R-1023 |
Fitzgerald |
7 ml |
EUR 232 |
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Description: Mouse monoclonal NSE antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
) Ferritin antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
|
75R-1026 |
Fitzgerald |
7 ml |
EUR 187 |
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Description: Rabbit polyclonal Ferritin antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
) Vimmentin antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
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75R-1027 |
Fitzgerald |
7 ml |
EUR 187 |
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Description: Rabbit polyclonal Vimmentin antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
) Fibronectin antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
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75R-1028 |
Fitzgerald |
7 ml |
EUR 187 |
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Description: Rabbit polyclonal Fibronectin antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
) CRP antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
|
75R-1029 |
Fitzgerald |
7 ml |
EUR 187 |
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Description: Rabbit polyclonal CRP antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
) CEA antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
|
75R-1030 |
Fitzgerald |
7 ml |
EUR 187 |
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Description: Rabbit polyclonal CEA antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
) HBcAg antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
|
75R-1031 |
Fitzgerald |
7 ml |
EUR 187 |
|
Description: Rabbit polyclonal HBcAg antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
) Calcitonin antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
|
75R-1032 |
Fitzgerald |
7 ml |
EUR 187 |
|
Description: Rabbit polyclonal Calcitonin antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
) Synaptophysin antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
|
75R-1033 |
Fitzgerald |
7 ml |
EUR 187 |
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Description: Rabbit polyclonal Synaptophysin antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
Thyroglobulin antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
|
75R-1034 |
Fitzgerald |
7 ml |
EUR 187 |
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Description: Rabbit polyclonal Thyroglobulin antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
) PSA antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
|
75R-1035 |
Fitzgerald |
7 ml |
EUR 187 |
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Description: Rabbit polyclonal PSA antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
) Ubiquitin antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
|
75R-1036 |
Fitzgerald |
7 ml |
EUR 187 |
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Description: Rabbit polyclonal Ubiquitin antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
) Insulin antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
|
75R-1037 |
Fitzgerald |
7 ml |
EUR 187 |
|
Description: Rabbit polyclonal Insulin antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
) MUC2 antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
|
75R-1038 |
Fitzgerald |
7 ml |
EUR 187 |
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Description: Rabbit polyclonal MUC2 antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
S100 antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
|
75R-1039 |
Fitzgerald |
7 ml |
EUR 187 |
|
Description: Rabbit polyclonal S100 Protein antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
) MBP antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
|
75R-1040 |
Fitzgerald |
7 ml |
EUR 187 |
|
Description: Rabbit polyclonal MBP antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
) GFAP antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
|
75R-1041 |
Fitzgerald |
7 ml |
EUR 187 |
|
Description: Rabbit polyclonal GFAP antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
) AFP antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
|
75R-1042 |
Fitzgerald |
7 ml |
EUR 187 |
|
Description: Rabbit polyclonal AFP antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
) Lysozyme antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
|
75R-1043 |
Fitzgerald |
7 ml |
EUR 187 |
|
Description: Rabbit polyclonal Lysozyme antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
) Transferrin antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
|
75R-1047 |
Fitzgerald |
7 ml |
EUR 187 |
|
Description: Rabbit polyclonal Transferrin antibody |
) Desmin antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
|
75R-1048 |
Fitzgerald |
7 ml |
EUR 187 |
|
Description: Rabbit polyclonal Desmin antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
) MPO antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
|
75R-1050 |
Fitzgerald |
7 ml |
EUR 187 |
|
Description: Rabbit polyclonal MPO antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
Insulin antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
|
75R-1058 |
Fitzgerald |
7 ml |
EUR 187 |
|
Description: Guinea pig polyclonal Insulin antibody (Prediluted for IHC) |
