A different vision of translational research in biomarker discovery: a pilot study on circulatory mitochondrial proteins as Parkinson’s disease potential biomarkers.

The identification of circulating biomarkers that closely correlate with Parkinson’s Disease (PD) has failed several times in the past. Nevertheless, in this pilot study, a translational approach was conducted, allowing the evaluation of the plasma levels of two mitochondrial-related proteins, whose combination leads to a robust model with potential diagnostic value to discriminate the PD patients from matched controls.

The proposed translational approach was initiated by the analysis of secretomes from cells cultured under control or well-defined oxidative stress conditions, followed by the identification of proteins related to PD pathologic mechanisms that were altered between the two states. This pipeline was further translated into the analysis of undepleted plasma samples from 28 control and 31 PD patients.From the secretome analysis, several mitochondria-related proteins were found to be differentially released between control and stress conditions and to be able to distinguish the two secretomes.

Similarly, two mitochondrial-related proteins were found to be significantly changed in a PD cohort compared to matched controls. Moreover, a linear discriminant model with potential diagnostic value to discriminate PD patients was obtained using the combination of these two proteins. Both proteins are associated with apoptotic mitochondrial changes, which may correspond to potential indicators of cell death. Moreover, one of these proteins, the VPS35 protein, was reported in plasma for the first time, and its quantification was only possible due to its previous identification in the secretome analysis.

In this work, an adaptation of a translational pipeline for biomarker selection was presented and transposed to neurological diseases, in the present case Parkinson’s Disease. The novelty and success of this pilot study may arise from the combination of: i) a translational research pipeline, where plasma samples are interrogated using knowledge previously obtained from the evaluation of cells’ secretome under oxidative stress; ii) the combined used of statistical analysis and an informed selection of candidates based on their link with relevant disease mechanisms, and iii) the use of SWATH-MS, an untargeted MS method that allows a complete record of the analyzed samples and a targeted data extraction of the quantitative values of proteins previously identified.

UltraTek HRP Anti-Mouse (DAB) Staining System
AKA080	ScyTek Laboratories	70 Slides	EUR 152.4

UltraTek HRP Anti-Rabbit (DAB) Staining System
AKC080	ScyTek Laboratories	70 Slides	EUR 152.4

UltraTek HRP Anti-Polyvalent (DAB) Staining System
AMF080	ScyTek Laboratories	70 Slides	EUR 165.6

SensiTek HRP Anti-Mouse (DAB) Staining System
AEA080	ScyTek Laboratories	70 Slides	EUR 142.8

SensiTek HRP Anti-Polyvalent (DAB) Staining System
AEM080	ScyTek Laboratories	70 Slides	EUR 152.4

SensiTek HRP Anti-Rabbit (DAB) Staining System
AEI080	ScyTek Laboratories	70 Slides	EUR 142.8

Mouse to Mouse HRP (DAB) Staining System
MTM001	ScyTek Laboratories	70 Slides	EUR 188.4

Black-DAB Substrate/Chromogen System for IHC-HRP staining (stable), 30ml
NB319-SBB	Innovex	30 ml	EUR 442.8

DAB
HY-15912	MedChemExpress	500mg	EUR 129.6

Black-DAB Substrate/Chromogen System for IHC-HRP staining (stable), 70ml NEW
NB319-BB70	Innovex	70 ml	EUR 582

Fmoc-Dab[Fmoc-Dab(Boc)]-OH
5-04727	CHI Scientific	5g	Ask for price

Fmoc-Dab[Fmoc-Dab(Boc)]-OH
5-04728	CHI Scientific	25g	Ask for price

DAB Tablet
D3225-020	GenDepot	20TB	EUR 170.4

DAB Tablet
D3225-050	GenDepot	50TB	EUR 295.2

STAT-Q Rabbit DAB KIT for staining all Rabbit antibodies, 350 plus slides
NB314KLRD-20	Innovex	20 ml kit	EUR 860.4

STAT-Q Goat DAB KIT for staining all Goat primary antibodies, 350 plus slides
NB314KLGD-20	Innovex	20 ml kit	EUR 860.4

H-Dab-OH·HCl
5-04703	CHI Scientific	5g	Ask for price

H-Dab-OH·HCl
5-04704	CHI Scientific	25g	Ask for price

Boc-Dab-OH
5-04711	CHI Scientific	5g	Ask for price

Boc-Dab-OH
5-04712	CHI Scientific	25g	Ask for price

Fmoc-Dab-OAll·HCl
5-04720	CHI Scientific	5g	Ask for price

Fmoc-Dab-OH·HCl
5-04721	CHI Scientific	5g	Ask for price

Fmoc-Dab-OH·HCl
5-04722	CHI Scientific	25g	Ask for price

Fmoc-Dab-OH
5-04735	CHI Scientific	1g	Ask for price

Fmoc-Dab-OH
5-04736	CHI Scientific	5g	Ask for price

DAB Chromogen Kit
abx097197-1Kit	Abbexa	1 Kit	EUR 326.4

DL-Dab.2HCl
A6727-100000	ApexBio	100 g	EUR 682.8
Description: DL-Dab.2HCl

DL-Dab.2HCl
A6727-25000	ApexBio	25 g	EUR 370.8
Description: DL-Dab.2HCl

DL-Dab.2HCl
A6727-5000	ApexBio	5 g	EUR 216
Description: DL-Dab.2HCl

Boc-Dab-OH
A-3215.0001	Bachem	1.0g	EUR 151.2
Description: Sum Formula: C9H18N2O4; CAS# [25691-37-6]

Boc-Dab-OH
A-3215.0005	Bachem	5.0g	EUR 501.6
Description: Sum Formula: C9H18N2O4; CAS# [25691-37-6]

Boc-Dab-OH
A-3215.0025	Bachem	25.0g	EUR 1893.6
Description: Sum Formula: C9H18N2O4; CAS# [25691-37-6]

Fmoc-Dab-OH
B-2300.0001	Bachem	1.0g	EUR 181.2
Description: Sum Formula: C19H20N2O4; CAS# [161420-87-7]

Fmoc-Dab-OH
B-2300.0005	Bachem	5.0g	EUR 618
Description: Sum Formula: C19H20N2O4; CAS# [161420-87-7]

DAB Chromogen Concentrate
D3226-002	GenDepot	20ml	EUR 193.2

DAB Chromogen Concentrate
D3226-005	GenDepot	50ml	EUR 400.8

DAB Differentiating Solution
DDS500	ScyTek Laboratories	500 ml	EUR 130.8

Z-Dab-OH
C-3705.0001	Bachem	1.0g	EUR 138
Description: Sum Formula: C12H16N2O4; CAS# [62234-40-6]

Z-Dab-OH
C-3705.0005	Bachem	5.0g	EUR 327.6
Description: Sum Formula: C12H16N2O4; CAS# [62234-40-6]

Z-Dab-OH
C-3705.0025	Bachem	25.0g	EUR 1197.6
Description: Sum Formula: C12H16N2O4; CAS# [62234-40-6]

DAB Chromogen Concentrate
ACB030	ScyTek Laboratories	30 ml	EUR 142.8

DAB Chromogen Concentrate
ACB060	ScyTek Laboratories	60 ml	EUR 198

DAB Chromogen Concentrate
ACB125	ScyTek Laboratories	125 ml	EUR 294

DAB Chromogen Concentrate
ACB500	ScyTek Laboratories	500 ml	EUR 805.2

DAB Chromogen Concentrate
ACB999	ScyTek Laboratories	1000 ml	EUR 1390.8

DAB Substrate Buffer
ACC500	ScyTek Laboratories	500 ml	EUR 86.4

DAB Substrate Buffer
ACC999	ScyTek Laboratories	1000 ml	EUR 96

DAB Enhancer Solution
ACM030	ScyTek Laboratories	30 ml	EUR 85.2

DAB Away Kit
ACP001	ScyTek Laboratories	500 ml	EUR 117.6

DAB Chromogen, 4ml
NB314D	Innovex	4 ml	EUR 295.2

H-Dab-OH
F-3050.0001	Bachem	1.0g	EUR 138
Description: Sum Formula: C4H10N2O2; CAS# [1883-09-6]

H-Dab-OH
F-3050.0005	Bachem	5.0g	EUR 270
Description: Sum Formula: C4H10N2O2; CAS# [1883-09-6]

H-Dab-OH
F-3050.0025	Bachem	25.0g	EUR 963.6
Description: Sum Formula: C4H10N2O2; CAS# [1883-09-6]

DAPI Staining Kit
abx097206-1Kit	Abbexa	1 Kit	EUR 276

PI Staining Kit
abx097208-1Kit	Abbexa	1 Kit	EUR 276

?-Galactosidase Staining Kit
AKR-100	Cell Biolabs	1 kit	EUR 518.4
Description: This simple assay measures the transfection efficiency of the LacZ gene using a simple staining protocol.

H-Dab(Z)-OH
5-04707	CHI Scientific	5g	Ask for price

H-Dab(Z)-OH
5-04708	CHI Scientific	25g	Ask for price

Boc-Dab(Boc)-OH·DCHA
5-04713	CHI Scientific	1g	Ask for price

Boc-Dab(Boc)-OH·DCHA
5-04714	CHI Scientific	5g	Ask for price

Boc-Dab(Fmoc)-OH
5-04715	CHI Scientific	5g	Ask for price

Boc-Dab(Fmoc)-OH
5-04716	CHI Scientific	25g	Ask for price

Boc-Dab(Z)-OH·DCHA
5-04717	CHI Scientific	5g	Ask for price

Boc-Dab(Z)-OH·DCHA
5-04718	CHI Scientific	25g	Ask for price

Fmoc-Dab(Ac)-OH
5-04723	CHI Scientific	5g	Ask for price

Fmoc-Dab(Ac)-OH
5-04724	CHI Scientific	25g	Ask for price

Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH
5-04725	CHI Scientific	5g	Ask for price

Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH
5-04726	CHI Scientific	25g	Ask for price

Fmoc-Dab(Fmoc)-OH
5-04729	CHI Scientific	1g	Ask for price

Fmoc-Dab(Fmoc)-OH
5-04730	CHI Scientific	5g	Ask for price

Fmoc-Dab(MMt)-OH
5-04731	CHI Scientific	5g	Ask for price

Fmoc-Dab(MMt)-OH
5-04732	CHI Scientific	25g	Ask for price

Fmoc-Dab(Mtt)-OH
5-04733	CHI Scientific	1g	Ask for price

Fmoc-Dab(Mtt)-OH
5-04734	CHI Scientific	5g	Ask for price

Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH
5-04739	CHI Scientific	1g	Ask for price

Fmoc-Dab(Dde)-OH
5-04740	CHI Scientific	5g	Ask for price

Fmoc-Dab(ivDde)-OH
5-04741	CHI Scientific	1g	Ask for price

Fmoc-Dab(ivDde)-OH
5-04742	CHI Scientific	5g	Ask for price

Fmoc-Dab(Z)-OH
5-04743	CHI Scientific	1g	Ask for price

Fmoc-Dab(Z)-OH
5-04744	CHI Scientific	5g	Ask for price

Boc-D-Dab-OH
5-04745	CHI Scientific	1g	Ask for price

Boc-D-Dab-OH
5-04746	CHI Scientific	5g	Ask for price

Fmoc-D-Dab-OH
5-04751	CHI Scientific	1g	Ask for price

Fmoc-D-Dab-OH
5-04752	CHI Scientific	5g	Ask for price

10-DAB (10-Deacetylbaccatin)
A4395-25	ApexBio	25 mg	EUR 616.8
Description: 10-DAB (also known as 10-Deacetylbaccatin) is an intermediate used for the preparation of taxol, an anti-leukemic and tumor-inhibiting agent isolated from the inner bark of the Pacific yew tree Taxus brevifolia as well as other species of the genus Taxus.

10-DAB (10-Deacetylbaccatin)
A4395-5	ApexBio	5 mg	EUR 199.2
Description: 10-DAB (also known as 10-Deacetylbaccatin) is an intermediate used for the preparation of taxol, an anti-leukemic and tumor-inhibiting agent isolated from the inner bark of the Pacific yew tree Taxus brevifolia as well as other species of the genus Taxus.

10-DAB (10-Deacetylbaccatin)
A4395-5.1	ApexBio	10 mM (in 1mL DMSO)	EUR 351.6
Description: 10-DAB (also known as 10-Deacetylbaccatin) is an intermediate used for the preparation of taxol, an anti-leukemic and tumor-inhibiting agent isolated from the inner bark of the Pacific yew tree Taxus brevifolia as well as other species of the genus Taxus.

10-DAB (10-Deacetylbaccatin)
A4395-S	ApexBio	Evaluation Sample	EUR 97.2
Description: 10-DAB (also known as 10-Deacetylbaccatin) is an intermediate used for the preparation of taxol, an anti-leukemic and tumor-inhibiting agent isolated from the inner bark of the Pacific yew tree Taxus brevifolia as well as other species of the genus Taxus.

Fmoc-Dab(Fmoc)-Oh
abx188721-250g	Abbexa	250 g	EUR 2064

H-Dab(Boc)-OH
A-3305.0001	Bachem	1.0g	EUR 240
Description: Sum Formula: C9H18N2O4; CAS# [10270-94-7]

H-Dab(Boc)-OH
A-3305.0005	Bachem	5.0g	EUR 835.2
Description: Sum Formula: C9H18N2O4; CAS# [10270-94-7]

Boc-Dab(Fmoc)-OH
A-3520.0001	Bachem	1.0g	EUR 270
Description: Sum Formula: C24H28N2O6; CAS# [117106-21-5]

Boc-Dab(Fmoc)-OH
A-3520.0005	Bachem	5.0g	EUR 936
Description: Sum Formula: C24H28N2O6; CAS# [117106-21-5]

Boc-Dab(Aloc)-OH
A-4125.0001	Bachem	1.0g	EUR 370.8
Description: Sum Formula: C13H22N2O6; CAS# [171820-73-8]

Boc-Dab(Aloc)-OH
A-4125.0005	Bachem	5.0g	EUR 1371.6
Description: Sum Formula: C13H22N2O6; CAS# [171820-73-8]

Boc-D-Dab-OH
A-4215.0001	Bachem	1.0g	EUR 501.6
Description: Sum Formula: C9H18N2O4; CAS# [80445-78-9]

Boc-D-Dab-OH
A-4215.0005	Bachem	5.0g	EUR 1864.8
Description: Sum Formula: C9H18N2O4; CAS# [80445-78-9]

Boc-Dab-OtBu · HCl
A-4415.0001	Bachem	1.0g	EUR 370.8
Description: Sum Formula: C13H26N2O4·HCl; CAS# [190447-69-9] net

Boc-Dab-OtBu · HCl
A-4415.0005	Bachem	5.0g	EUR 1371.6
Description: Sum Formula: C13H26N2O4·HCl; CAS# [190447-69-9] net

Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH
B-1800.0001	Bachem	1.0g	EUR 240
Description: Sum Formula: C24H28N2O6; CAS# [125238-99-5]

Fmoc-Dab(Boc)-OH
B-1800.0005	Bachem	5.0g	EUR 819.6
Description: Sum Formula: C24H28N2O6; CAS# [125238-99-5]

Fmoc-Dab(Fmoc)-OH
B-2270.0001	Bachem	1.0g	EUR 283.2
Description: Sum Formula: C34H30N2O6; CAS# [201473-83-8]

Fmoc-Dab(Fmoc)-OH
B-2270.0005	Bachem	5.0g	EUR 1039.2
Description: Sum Formula: C34H30N2O6; CAS# [201473-83-8]

Fmoc-D-Dab-OH
B-2365.0001	Bachem	1.0g	EUR 501.6
Description: Sum Formula: C19H20N2O4; CAS# [201484-12-0]

Fmoc-D-Dab-OH
B-2365.0005	Bachem	5.0g	EUR 1864.8
Description: Sum Formula: C19H20N2O4; CAS# [201484-12-0]

Fmoc-Dab(Aloc)-OH
B-2850.0001	Bachem	1.0g	EUR 356.4
Description: Sum Formula: C23H24N2O6; CAS# [204316-32-5]

Fmoc-Dab(Aloc)-OH
B-2850.0005	Bachem	5.0g	EUR 1327.2
Description: Sum Formula: C23H24N2O6; CAS# [204316-32-5]

Fmoc-Dab(Z)-OH
B-3250.0001	Bachem	1.0g	EUR 313.2
Description: Sum Formula: C27H26N2O6; CAS# [252049-08-4]

Fmoc-Dab(Z)-OH
B-3250.0005	Bachem	5.0g	EUR 1110
Description: Sum Formula: C27H26N2O6; CAS# [252049-08-4]

Fmoc-Dab(ivDde)-OH
B-4065.0001	Bachem	1.0g	EUR 356.4
Description: Sum Formula: C32H38N2O6; CAS# [607366-21-2]

Fmoc-Dab(ivDde)-OH
B-4065.0005	Bachem	5.0g	EUR 1311.6
Description: Sum Formula: C32H38N2O6; CAS# [607366-21-2]

DAB (Post) Enhancing Solution
DES500	ScyTek Laboratories	500 ml	EUR 105.6

DAB (Post) Enhancing Solution
DES999	ScyTek Laboratories	1000 ml	EUR 130.8

Z-Dab(Z)-OH
C-3690.0001	Bachem	1.0g	EUR 240
Description: Sum Formula: C20H22N2O6; CAS# [55478-23-4]

Z-Dab(Z)-OH
C-3690.0005	Bachem	5.0g	EUR 835.2
Description: Sum Formula: C20H22N2O6; CAS# [55478-23-4]

Z-D-Dab-OH
C-3770.0001	Bachem	1.0g	EUR 270
Description: Sum Formula: C12H16N2O4; CAS# [70882-66-5]

Z-D-Dab-OH
C-3770.0005	Bachem	5.0g	EUR 950.4
Description: Sum Formula: C12H16N2O4; CAS# [70882-66-5]

DAB Chromogen/Substrate Kit
ACH500	ScyTek Laboratories	500 Slides	EUR 102

DAB Substrate (High Contrast)
ACU250	ScyTek Laboratories	250 ml	EUR 102

DAB Substrate (High Contrast)
ACU500	ScyTek Laboratories	500 ml	EUR 117.6

DAB Substrate (High Contrast)
ACU999	ScyTek Laboratories	1000 ml	EUR 142.8

DAB Substrate buffer, 70ml
NB314SB	Innovex	70 ml	EUR 331.2

Ac-Dab(Boc)-OH
F-1020.0250	Bachem	250.0mg	EUR 283.2
Description: Sum Formula: C11H20N2O5; CAS# [201351-32-8]

Ac-Dab(Boc)-OH
F-1020.1000	Bachem	1.0g	EUR 792
Description: Sum Formula: C11H20N2O5; CAS# [201351-32-8]

H-D-Dab-OH
F-3055.0001	Bachem	1.0g	EUR 270
Description: Sum Formula: C4H10N2O2; CAS# [26908-94-1] net

H-D-Dab-OH
F-3055.0005	Bachem	5.0g	EUR 950.4
Description: Sum Formula: C4H10N2O2; CAS# [26908-94-1] net

Sensitive DAB Stain Kit
PW023	Bio Basic	5Preps, 5prep	EUR 82.97

STAT-Q Multivalent DAB KIT for staining Mouse, Rat and Rabbit antibodies, 1000 plus slides (large size kit)
NB314KLD	Innovex	1000 slides	EUR 1236

STAT-Q Multivalent DAB KIT for staining Mouse, Rat and Rabbit antibodies, 350 slides kit (small size Kit)
NB314KLD-20	Innovex	300 slide kit	EUR 818.4

Beta Galactosidase Staining Kit
55R-1541	Fitzgerald	250 assays	EUR 444
Description: Assay Kit for detection of Beta Galactosidase in the research laboratory

CometAssay Silver Staining Kit
4254-200-K	Biotechne	200 Tests	EUR 390.96

PI / RNase Staining Buffer
20-abx090619	Abbexa	EUR 326.40 EUR 276.00	100 tests 50 tests

Hoechst 33342 Staining Kit
abx097207-1Kit	Abbexa	1 Kit	EUR 276

Human Histochemistry Staining Kit
20-abx299039	Abbexa	EUR 1045.20 EUR 1462.80 EUR 678.00	150 tests 500 tests 50 tests

Ponceau S Staining Solution
B7778-100000	ApexBio	100 g	EUR 195.6

Ponceau S Staining Solution
B7778-50000	ApexBio	50 g	EUR 151.2

EasyDip Slide Staining System
M900-12AS-ASSORTED	ScyTek Laboratories	1 Case(s)	EUR 211.2

SDS-PAGE Staining Solution
GR103068	Genorise Scientific	100 mL	EUR 69.6

Alkaline Phosphatase Staining Kit
K2035-50	Biovision	50 assays	EUR 454.8

Beta-Galactosidase Staining Kit
K2182-250	ApexBio	250 assays	EUR 351.6

ProsiBlue Gel Staining Solution
P7300-050	GenDepot	500ml	EUR 208.8

Ponceau S Staining Solution
PW005	Bio Basic	100ml	EUR 82.97

Disposable Slide Staining Trays
MIC5070	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	PK4	EUR 71.82

Staining Trough+Lid Rectangular
MIC6008	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	EACH	EUR 23.03

Nalgene Box Staining 13x13x5cm
BOX1040	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	EACH	EUR 42.18

Beta-Galactosidase Staining Kit
K802-250	Biovision	each	EUR 352.8

Boc-D-Dab(Fmoc)-OH
5-04747	CHI Scientific	5g	Ask for price

Boc-D-Dab(Fmoc)-OH
5-04748	CHI Scientific	25g	Ask for price

Boc-D-Dab(Z)-OH·DCHA
5-04749	CHI Scientific	5g	Ask for price

Boc-D-Dab(Z)-OH·DCHA
5-04750	CHI Scientific	25g	Ask for price

Fmoc-D-Dab(Alloc)-OH
5-04753	CHI Scientific	1g	Ask for price

Fmoc-D-Dab(Alloc)-OH
5-04754	CHI Scientific	5g	Ask for price

Fmoc-D-Dab(Boc)-OH
5-04755	CHI Scientific	1g	Ask for price

Fmoc-D-Dab(Boc)-OH
5-04756	CHI Scientific	5g	Ask for price

Fmoc-D-Dab(Dde)-OH
5-04757	CHI Scientific	1g	Ask for price

Fmoc-D-Dab(Dde)-OH
5-04758	CHI Scientific	5g	Ask for price

Fmoc-D-Dab(MMt)-OH
5-04759	CHI Scientific	5g	Ask for price

Fmoc-D-Dab(MMt)-OH
5-04760	CHI Scientific	25g	Ask for price

Fmoc-D-Dab(Z)-OH
5-04761	CHI Scientific	250mg	Ask for price

Fmoc-D-Dab(Z)-OH
5-04762	CHI Scientific	1g	Ask for price

H-D-Dab-OH·2HCl
5-04763	CHI Scientific	5g	Ask for price

H-D-Dab-OH·2HCl
5-04764	CHI Scientific	25g	Ask for price

DAB Horseradish Peroxidase Chromogenic Kit
20-abx090660	Abbexa	EUR 276.00 EUR 226.80	100 ml 20 ml

H-D-Dab-OH.2HCl
A7493-1000	ApexBio	1 g	EUR 116.4
Description: H-D-Dab-OH?2HCl

H-D-Dab-OH.2HCl
A7493-25000	ApexBio	25 g	EUR 969.6
Description: H-D-Dab-OH?2HCl

H-D-Dab-OH.2HCl
A7493-5000	ApexBio	5 g	EUR 278.4
Description: H-D-Dab-OH?2HCl

Boc-Dab(Z)-OH · DCHA
A-2905.0001	Bachem	1.0g	EUR 151.2
Description: Sum Formula: C17H24N2O6·C12H23N; CAS# [16947-89-0]